The Basics About a Premature Baby

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Babies who are born before the expected time are called premature babies. They normally weigh less than 2.5 kgs at birth. But in our country, quite a few babies who are born at the expected time also weigh less than 2.5 kgs. All low birth weight babies, especially those below 1.8 kgs and those born 2 months before full term need special care in hospital.

A warm environment, protection and adequate nutrition are the most important steps in the management of a premature baby.

Because of less fat, a premature baby can become cold. For warmth, the baby is either kept in an incubator or in a heated room. The baby’s head and feet must be well covered. Another good way to keep the baby warm is to let him sleep with the mother. She can also carry the baby next to her body, inside her clothes, between her breasts, in what is called the ‘kangaroo position’. The baby should be sponged, not bathed till he weighs 2.5 kgs. A baby with proper temperature has pink and warm soles and palms. Blue or cold palms and soles may indicate that the baby either has some infection or is not being kept adequately warm.

A premature baby is more prone to infections. To prevent infections, all those who handle the baby must wash their hands thoroughly with soap and water. Visitors should be avoided. But the mother must be allowed to handle the baby. If the baby is too premature, you must at least touch the baby often. As per your doctor’s advice. The skin-to-skin contact with the baby is helpful for you as well as for him.

For proper nutrition, your breast milk is best for your premature baby.

Jaundice and eye problems (retinopathy in eye) are more common in a premature baby. Your doctor will keep a close watch on the baby in case any intervention is necessary.

Premature babies receiving human milk  may need supplementation with iron, calcium and  vitamins A, C and D.

Source: Book – Guide to Child Care by Dr R K Anand

To consult Dr R K Anand in person, click here

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